Clogging in subsurface wastewater infiltration beds: genesis, influencing factors, identification methods and remediation strategies

Renovation/Restoration of Subsurface Wastewater Infiltration Systems (SWIS)

The subsurface wastewater infiltration system (SWIS) receives the effluent pretreated in the septic tank and purifies it through biological, physical, and chemical reactions as it passes through the unsaturated soil to the ground water. An important component of the infiltration system is the biomat, a layer of organic and inorganic material and bacteria that forms at the interface between the ...

Identification of factors influencing building initial trust in e-commerce

Nowadays, consumer trust is identified as one of the most important factors in electronic commerce (e-commerce) growth. This has led much research to investigate the role of trust in e-commerce and determine the factors which influence trust in this area. This paper explores factors which are engaged in building initial consumer trust in online shopping when a consumer wants to buy from a websi...

proficiency level and factors fostering reticence in efl learners

according to cheng (1999), in recent esl/efl literature, asian (especially east asian) learners of english as a foreign/second language have been arguably reported as reticent and passive learners. the most common allegations are that these students are reluctant to participate in classroom discourse; they are unwilling to give responses; they do not ask questions; and they are passive and over...

Characteristics of subsurface wastewater infiltration systems fed with dissolved or particulate organic matter

The influent type of organic matter (dissolved or particulate) on the characteristics of two subsurface wastewater infiltration systems (SWISs) was investigated. One of the SWISs was fed with dissolved organic matter (glucose, assumed to be readily biodegradable) and the other with particulate organic matter (starch, assumed to be slowly biodegradable). Results showed that both biofilm growth a...

CLOGGING OF HIGHWAY SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE SYSTEMS: Demonstration of CDF